Exploring Kamurocho Important Characters. Head up to the roof. After all the cutscenes, go talk to Haruka on the beach. Increase Rush Combo. Approach him and he'll refuse the help of the police. Hyper Stun gun x 1 - Weapon Dealer. Pay her 50,000 yen and she'll direct you to Cuez Bar in the Underground Mall. Tetsu Tachibana; Makoto Makimura; Makoto Date;. Tanimura, crazily enough, is heading back to Naomi's Palace. To collect these rewards, go to the Naomi's Palace on Tenkaichi St. Tanimura is the technical character. Really enjoyed akiyamas part because everything felt fresh. Order: Chicken Basket. " Essence of Clotheslining - Go to the Nakamichi Alley Poppo. Kamurocho looks as impressive as ever, with secrets hiding in every corner. Part 2 - Taiga Saejima. For Saejima's Ancient Techniques you need to buy the Miyamoto Musashi carving from the pawn shop. Welcome to my channel, thank you for visiting. The Amon boss fight for every game is locked behind doing all the substories, but in this game you’ll probably want to do all the missions with the trainers before. Saejima Substory #4, Tanimura Substory #4 Gang Emblem Exchange. Go to New Serena and talk to Tanimura and you'll bring him over to Emoto's. Eye of the Dragon x 2 - Lockers, Substory, Tanimura Police Radio (you'll get plenty) Flour x 2 - M Store (not sure) Gravity Converter x 3 - Lockers. The most important thing to remember is that you play as four separate characters throughout the game's story, each one with their own individual "part". Masayoshi Tanimura (谷村 正義, Tanimura Masayoshi) is a protagonist in Yakuza 4. Raindrops - Hana, Rio, Himeka, Noa, Shizuka. I apologize for my incompetent. Tanimura's "Russian Roulette" substory. Answers. Though Kiryu's are only really enjoyable if you are well familiar with small side characters in the previous games. 40 Substories. "Call me any time you feel lonely. For Yakuza 4 on the PlayStation 3, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. Substories:Available: FinaleRecruitment: Must comple. Yakuza 4. Hostess Clubs is the 16th substory in Yakuza 4. Defeat Amon and get through all the substories. The first is Arm Grab. 1. 22K views 1 day ago. 20 Substories. Music: - votes, 12 comments. Furthermore, you can do three of Tanimura's Substories. Boards. HayatoIchimonji 12 years ago #1. She denies knowing anything about the shooting in 1985, but before the conversation can continue,. "Asia Town") is a ghetto for Chinese and other mainland Asian immigrants located in the middle of Kamurocho. Chapter 2 - 8 New Substories. Quickstep twice in quick succession. The chapter ends, Kiryu's part ends, and betrayals and tragedy have consumed everything. After Matsuyama storms out, talk to Ueda at the bar. Tanimura : The ones about his father and the sex traffic. This is because the localization team were not able to localize the quiz game since the text in the images for the minigame, could not edited. While not standing out in any particular area, he does have a lot interesting grabs and throws, as well as defensive options. 4 Kiryu 10. For Yakuza 4 on the PlayStation 3, a GameFAQs message board topic titled "Witness and A View From Above Tanimura substories". Speak to Ueda, sitting at the counter, and he'll ask you to talk to the apprentice. Yakuza 4 Walkthrough. Akiyama vs. Introduction Walkthrough Part 1: Shun Akiyama Part 2: Taiga Saejima Part 3: Masayoshi Tanimura Part 4: Kazama Kiryu Finale: Requiem Substories Akiyama Saejima Tanimura. Explore. Kazuma Kiryu - The Yakuza series protagonist. 3 Masayoshi Tanimura 8. Yakuza 4 Walkthrough. a plotless sandbox. Saejima must get involved with substories. Part 2 - Taiga Saejima. Explore. Edited December 23, 2015 by Terminator. With the "Kuitan" rule active, you can go out on an open hand of simples. Agree, and leave the store. Part 3: Tanimura; Part 4: Kiryu;. There are a lot of side stories in Yakuza 4, and they are all fun to play. Kiryu finds a line in front of Don Quijote, which he asks a young boy named Akio who is last in line about. Here is a complete list of all sub stories in Yakuza 4. Kiryu’s and saejima’s were a bit boring, but good anyway. He is an undercover police officer, who was tasked with infiltrating the Tojo Clan by Seishiro Munakata. Choose "Guy slammed straight into the wall. Heir to the Legend. The Ueno Seiwa guy you're chasing has almost as much stamina as Tanimura does, he's difficult to hit with the two bottles. Specific substories aren't leaping to mind at the moment, but I know I liked Kiryu's stories the most, followed by Akiyama, then Tanimura, and finally Saejima. . Tanimura is the technical character. For Yakuza 4 on the PlayStation 3, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. advertisement. Yakuza 4 Guide Contents. 1 Star, the ramen restaurant in Pink Alley, to start a substory. Saejima Award. If you're lucky, you'll get everyone but the kicker, and you can focus on him. . For Yakuza 4 Remastered on the PlayStation 4, a GameFAQs message board topic titled "Question about Tanimura *spoiler free*" - Page 2. Heading into New Serena, Kiryu finds out that Taiga Saejima and Shun Akiyama also received letters from the Amon Clan. ago. 3 Tanimura. If I had to do it over Id stock up more on weapons vs health drinks. Substories are marked on the map by a green question mark, so watch the map as you travel. After performing an Arm Grab, tap Square to lock the enemy and cause damage. Yakuza 4 decided to step further, after somewhat small story to something bigger and grandiose, so Yakuza 4 have 4 playable characters, 3 of which are completely new. Yakuza 4 Remastered. Watch carefully for your enemy to flop and sway up and down and try to lead your shot so it connects with the core without any other metal in the way. Tanimura Award (Silver): Acquire 10,000 casino points playing as Tanimura. IMPORTANT NOTE: This guide is specifically for the remaster of Yakuza 4 for the. Once he gets access to Substory #1, he'll be told about it. Please post it in the Yakuza 4 Remastered Forum. After 40, the achievement is yours. Maybe tied with the side Story where you find out more about his dad that you don't find out in the normal story. Gold. This section covers characters who had appeared in the first three Yakuza games who make a significant return in this game. A grateful Lee gives you Explosive Fishing!!!, a magazine that gives you the designs for the Squid Spear and Great Marlin, and 5,000 XP. She's the demure office lady who broke up with her boyfriend and is searching for a husband. 4 Substories: Complete or finish four substories. I just played until I got rank 1 and remembered that dialogue from Y5. Kiryu can purchase Guns, and while he can't purchase any of the other character-specific weapons, he can use all weapons in the game. Talk to Nair and agree to go to his suspected hideout. In front of New Serena, Kazuma Kiryu is given a letter from a man who claims to be with the Amon Clan. Head up to the roof. I was expecting him to at least make a cameo in 5 as part of a substory or something but apparently he doesn't even get a mention which kind of sucks. 6. How to unlock the Kamurocho Iron Man achievement in Yakuza 4 Remastered: Traverse 100 kilometers or more. 4 Kazuma Kiryu 8. Sort by: Open comment sort options. These appear in your status screen under the menu of the same name, and are essentially side quests. Substories in Y4 seem like they were made with the intent of fleshing out Akiyama, Saejima and Tanimura. Version 2. Y (PS3) Yakuza 4. Go to Kyushu No. Chapter 1 - 4 New Substories. advertisement. When you leave, the bouncer will talk to you. Some of them are really good like the cafe alps murder or the curry man substory, but there also way too many "what was the point of all this" type of substories like Kiryu getting scammed for the 8000th time or pretty much any of the substories that are tied to the minigames. If you have Yakuza 3 game data on your system, you'll get both a Gion Bell, and a Sunshine Belly Warmer, accessories that gives you a. I was actually satisfied having to face Munakata as Tanimura for the final boss. And yet, when you really think about that. November 10, 2022 by Kimota. you've got two more after that!CyricZ started writing to get all the thoughts in his head about video games onto paper and it got out of hand. Substories Akiyama's Substories Chapter 2 Substories. You can do this! I believe in you!. #1. Substories: How to Become the Friendly Neighborhood Yakuza 9. Aside from having a 1080p resolution with a frame rate of 60fps, it also has mini-games aplenty. HELP ME, PLEASE (Yakuza 4 pc) HELP. In Yakuza 4 you don't have actual hostess substories like in 3, since their events are not counted in the substory list. I just completed all substories in y4 (except amon) and they were alright. Yakuza 4: A Dangerous Game This Tanimura substory is the most radical substory in the series. 2: Purchase 1,000 chips at the casino and use a zero jewel at the Roulette table. Himeka Kawasaki - Shine. We of the Amon Clan see our mission as the pursuit and mastery of this vocation. Parry when you are against the wall, which rams her head into the wall and she falls. " Final Event: Once Chihiro calls, head over to East Shichifuku St. Detective Tanimura doesn't have the complicated "grooming" minigames of the previous two characters. Extendable Staff x 3 - Weapon Dealer, Tanimura. Once on the green, putt by making sure you cover the distance and account for the slope of the green. There are two kinds of weapons as far as combat is concerned: weapons you equip and bring into combat, and weapons you find during the course of combat, and there is some overlap between the two. For these final bosses, please enjoy the theme of the game "For Faith", remixed differently for each character. Yes that one came in clutch with that 3 million. Because I am dumb I assumed that Kiryu would be the only one fighting and thus loaded only him up with any items. Co-Founder. In regards to Tanimura, I think the main reason was because his face model & voice actor (Hiroki Narimiya) left the entertainment industry in Japan due to false drug allegations. The reason for him not being in 5 is stupid. 1. For Yakuza 4 Remastered on the PlayStation 4, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. A car is now waiting for you in the underground parking lot. Tanimura Award Acquire 10,000 casino points playing as Tanimura. Add a fifth attack to the Rush Combo. He could also have easily been part of the baseball mini-game in Yakuza 6 in some way. Underneath it All (彼女の秘密, Kanojo no Himitsu, Lit. With Kiryu I did the same thing as with Saejima and it took 2 revolvers this time. Tanimura has two unique innate techniques. One of the first substories that I played in Yakuza 0 was the dominatrix one, and that gave me the idea that the sense of humor in this series is wild. Inside you'll find a walkthrough on the story, and notes on all the side content in the game. A true full game of Mahjong is mininum sixteen hands. News. Saejima Substory #4, Tanimura Substory #4 Gang Emblem Exchange. I've been hearing that some people really dislike Tanimura for some reason or another, personally I really enjoy playing as him and treating every enemy like they're bowling pins with his parry. It is substory 75 for Goro Majima. That could be the problem. Demoskinos85 12 years ago #2. 5 Finale 9. Welcome to my channel, thank you for visiting. Press Guard after your guard is broken to swiftly re-guard. Kiryu already knows about the place, so. Follow me on Twitter: in front of the MEB will let Tanimura witness a scene familiar to the players, as Minamizawa and Ashibe are back at their work to gather information on. Footbaths at the Hot Spring - Go to Yunosono Hot Springs and go to the couple standing next to the entrance. Chapter 2 - 8 New Substories. Unlike the last game, Yakuza 4’s cabaret minigame isn’t attached to a specific substory. This is a Video of the Substories from Yakuza 4. 1 Shun Akiyama; 2 Taiga Saejima; 3 Masayoshi Tanimura; 4 Kazuma Kiryu; Shun Akiyama [] Number Name 1: The Fate of the 30 Million Yen: 2: Counterfeit Bills: 3: Layoff Already: 4: The Apprentice: 5: The. 2 Saejima 9. It seems to just clutter up your inventory, but once you're in Part 2 and down in the sewers, you can find a fellow known as the Mean Green Machine. She also teaches Tanimura about Revelations, which. No. . Main Page;. Did anyone else find this to be one of the most tense substories in the series? It's one I think stood out from a bunch because of how it plays out. Thank You 4. Tanimura has the most logical story, unique combat, best substories, and the best boss fight in 4 with Suguchi. Akiyama faces off against the man who he would have become king. For Yakuza 4 on the PlayStation 3, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. Substories:Available: Part 3 - Chapter 2Recruitment:. Tanimura: Turtle Shell. Curry Adventure (カレーを巡る冒険, Karē wo Meguru Bōken) is the 14th substory of Kazuma Kiryu in Yakuza 4. Pole Dancing - Take in a show at Asia. Part 1: Akiyama; Part 2: Saejima; Part 3: Tanimura; Part 4: Kiryu. She is a Filipina detective on the lookout for a criminal in Kamurocho. Little Asia was founded by former Chinese Mafia leader Elder Chen in the 1980's after losing a turf war. Herculean Spirit: 4: True Stability Tortoise Spirit Level 15: Far less of a chance to stagger when being attacked in Heat Mode. And its really crazy that without his substories you wouldn’t really get to know his true dad or he even had another dad. In the Yakuza series, going to a hostess club involves finding a particular hostess and treating her as if she were a dating sim. Ultra Rare Trophies. Protagonists [] Shun Akiyama. DaiComet • 1 yr. 1 Star and you'll hear an argument between the owner and his apprentice, who wants to open his own branch of the shop. Substories:Available: Part 3 - Chapter 2Recruitment:. . Realizing how much everyone is willing to sacrifice for money really makes one reflect on. Hana's absence from Sky Finance for the remainder of the game means that many of Akiyama. 3. Arakure Quest (アラクレクエスト, Arakure Kuesuto) is a substory in Yakuza 0. . It is a grind but a satisfying feeling afterwards so keep persevering. Yakuza 2 and 3 had some really memorable ones, and Yakuza 5, 0,. Detective Tanimura doesn't have the complicated "grooming" minigames of the previous two characters. Here's a good way to amass ¥10 million: 1: A Dangerous Game (Tanimura's substory) is worth ¥3 million. Here Tanimura can spar with her as well as help her with her investigation. I enjoyed tanimura’s a lot. When you get freedom again, you can head back down and speak to. Iron Nail:For Yakuza 4 on the PlayStation 3, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. A director is not confident about directing the new film Yakuza Sunset 4 due to his being panned for the shortcomings of the previous film, the first one to be directed by him. "Like a Dragon 4: Heirs to the Legend") is an open-world action-adventure video game developed and published by SEGA exclusively for the PlayStation 3. Arai, Kido, and Daigo are legendary!Hello guys, I am just playing Yakuza 4 for the first time right now, and I finished Tanimura's AKA "The Parasite of Kamurocho" chapter, and I loved it! I usually think the "Good cop who doesnt play by no damn rules" character is usually pretty overdone, but I think they did well with Tanimura. The first is Arm Grab. Notify me about new: Guides. Each character has their own unique story, and you can switch between them at will. Board Topics. You'll have to beat up two of the homeless guys, and then you'll have to name the cats. Tanimura: Turtle Shell; Kiryu: Dragon Fists; Story Walkthrough; Part 1 - Shun Akiyama; Part 2 - Taiga Saejima; Part 3 - Masayoshi Tanimura; Part 4 - Kazuma Kiryu;. 4 Substories (Bronze): Complete or finish four substories. Tanimura also has a substory (A Dangerous Game) which rewards you with 3,000,000 yen for completing. " Essence of Clotheslining - Go to the Nakamichi Alley Poppo. Completing the substories will earn you the following trophies: 4 Substories. Kazuma Kiryu;. Getting the platinum trophy takes about 80 hours and is not too hard. Nair. Substory Novice Complete or finish four substories. Tanimura's unique "minigame" is random crimes on his police scanner. Opening the roofs and malls in 4 made starting y4 (so akiyama) a blast. Is there a way to take her down besides. Hostess Clubs is the 16th substory in Yakuza 4. Yakuza 4 Guide Contents. . Completion Rewards. In Yakuza 4, there are two "levels" of completion to substories. Once you have over 500,000 Yen (you can get *three* million from Tanimura's substory 'A Dangerous Game' in Part 3 Chapter 4*) you can buy 5,000 chips and bet all. I mean, just compare 7's portrayal and discussion about illegal immigrants and how while they're forced into sex work, that's also their only choice, being this or straving, to Yakuza 4's bonkers Tanimura substory about those immigrant kids tagging places and doing protest graffiti against Japan's immigration policies and Tanimura basically. There are four in total: Cee-Lo (Chinchirorin) and Chou-Han both played with dice and Koi-Koi and Oicho-Kabu both played with Hanafuda (flower cards). Thank You! Gold. 5. Maybe tied with the side Story where you find out more about his dad that you don't find out in the normal story. 28:30 – 33:56 : The Witness. Rose. A must have. Tanimura will decide to go back to Naomi's Palace. I just got to Tanimura's part. Substories:Available: Part 3 - Chapter 1Recruitment:. If you're looking for other guides by him, you can search the Yakuza series or the LEGO series on GameFAQs. One thing you shouldn't do much with Akiyama is focus on Slash Kicks. Masayoshi Tanimura; Haruka Sawamura; Tatsuo Shinada; Allies. Pin Up. Substories: Available: Part 3 - Chapter 1 Recruitment: Must befriend 2 available hostesses. Yakuza 3 has officially arrived on the PS4! Completely remastered in 1080P, running at 60 frames-per-second with PS4 PRO enhancements! This thread will contain video archives of my Twitch. Go to New Serena and talk to Tanimura and you'll bring him over to Emoto's. She can only be requested by Shun Akiyama. The first is Arm Grab. Really enjoyed akiyamas part because everything felt fresh. Let's play Yakuza 4! I will be providing commentary to my gameplay and reactions to all the best moments! I hope you will enjoy this journey with me and than. Walkthrough. In Yakuza 4, there are two "levels" of completion to substories. each of the 4 characters so far get 4 chapters each, exclusively as that character. Investing in blogging since 2015. Press Confirm near such a sparkly to pick up the key, and you'll be told which locker it goes to. . Akiyama; Saejima; Tanimura; Kiryu; Amon; The Homeless Men and the Cats. YMMV /. There's a series of substories about tanimura and an ex detective saki solving the bridge case and at the end they find out tanimura's dad was actually the one that working on the case back in the past. just north of Pronto to find a guy with a couple of guys in suits, one with a red cloth on his head. Once you select a New Game, you'll select your difficulty. sharan_ke. Floriography (花言葉, Hanakotoba) is the 7th substory of Kazuma Kiryu in Yakuza 4 Yakuza 4/Substories. There are a total of 62 Substories available. He can then request her specifically any time he returns. Meanwhile Kiryu’s substories were mainly call backs to previous games. While the Yakuza series up to this point focused around the series protagonist, Kazuma Kiryu, this game in the series will dip into the lives of. Dog. Choose "Guy slammed straight into the wall. Plata. . But for the life of me I cannot find it!!!!You can start this substory by talking to the arguing couple near the West exist of Little Asia, turns out Mr. Then I found out that all four would fight. After completing all 62 other substories, enter New Serena as Kiryu to get a letter. Saejima must get involved with substories. 1 Shun Akiyama 8. Head up to the roof. Head upstairs and defeat more shady men. You'll need to complete "Gambling Blues". This is a Video of the Substories from Yakuza 4 Remastered. use 1st-person view. Akiyama Substory #8, Saejima Substory #10: Dropper: Green Store (10 points) Durable Cloth: Weapon Shop: 30,000: Eye of the Dragon: Taihei Locker A5 Saejima Substory #4, Tanimura Substory #4 Gang Emblem Exchange. Both trouble missions and clan fights are things we've already seen in other games (yakuza 4 tanimura police missions/yakuza 0 or 1 for clan thing) and are nothing compared to what we had in 5 (hunting, taxi/racing,. Part 1: Akiyama; Part 2: Saejima; Part 3: Tanimura; Part 4: Kiryu; Finale: Requiem; Tanimura begins the game with a ridiculously low amount of health. 02 - 29 Oct 2019 - by Barticle at hotmail. Kiryu's "side mission", like Tanimura's, is also quite simple. There are quite a few but the one that sticks out in particular were the 2 car thieves from Yakuza 4 in one of Tanimura's substories. Sorry! Damn never saw the Mahjong ranking in Yakuza 5 that’s awesome lol. Aug 14, 2018. After some cajoling and the support of Hana,. Correct, the only chapter you get to choose which character you control is the last one, where their stories converge. probably not though since they gave Tanimura a new model in 4's remaster I can see it being more possible, maybe a sequel to Judgement or possibly meet Kasuga in Yakuza 8 (I think it would be super funny if him and Shinada meet and both join Ichiban's crew lol)The following is a list of trophies and achievements for the game Yakuza 4. First, head to Theater Square and save Akaishi of the Kamurocho Guard from some punks. Amon Defeated Defeat Amon and get through all the substories. Complete the Finale. Despite what Hana says, time in Yakuza 4 stands. "Master" is the name given to an old guy digging under the tunnels of Kamurocho, and Saejima is introduced to him via the story in Chapter 3. You can ignore substories entirely if you so choose and still complete the main. " Final Event: Once Chihiro calls, head over to East Shichifuku St. "Her Secret") is a substory in Yakuza 0. If you are the one digging, know that the controls are pretty easy. As you leave your hideout in 2-3, a few bums are trying to help a couple of kittens. Tanimura has two unique innate techniques. Chapter 1-3 are again very straightforward so a. Earth Angel - This bar is one of the Champion District's many alternative establishments, located in the center of the district. Create a free account or. She is the number one hostess at Club Shine. It's time to show her some Majimoves!For The Yakuza Remastered Collection on the PlayStation 4, Guide and Walkthrough by CyricZ. I’m on the last chapter of 4 and I thought I was at the point I knew all the streets until a substory directed me I to Suppon Street. In the early 1980's, Tanimura was the star detective of the Homicide Division of the Kamurocho Precinct of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, alongside his less. Edit Edit source View history Talk (0) Yakuza 4/Characters Navigation Overview· Substories· Characters· Trophies and Achievements. This article broadly covered the following related topics: yakuza 4. Be My Boyfriend? A Dangerous Game; Another Case; Clues; Burning Bridges; Successor; Looking Down; The Mixer; The Witness; Kamurocho Culture; Car. Next, go to Nakamichi St. You'll have to go through the following trials: First Trial - First, you'll have to defeat a relatively easy student of Komaki's. Order: Fruit Platter. After Matsuyama storms out, talk to Ueda at the bar. Fitness Gear: Don Quijote: 3,980: Flour: M Store: 200: Gravity Converter: Taihei Locker E4, Underground Locker C4. The aim of this is to dig, dig, and dig some more. After having completed "Stolen Funds", Zhao and Mei Hua will be standing in front of Homeland and let Tanimura know some graffiti has been popping up around. Amon (亜門) is the 17th substory of Kazuma Kiryu and the final substory of Yakuza 5. This is a Video of the Substories from Yakuza 4 Remastered. - Taihei Boulevard Locker I5 - Saejima substory Brother and Sister 4 - Tanimura substory Successor - Kiryu substory The Hills Have Noise - Gang Encounters Reward. Going to the Dragon Palace Casino in Chapter 4 of Tanimura's part lets you meet an old gentleman who offers the young cop a game that can make 3 million yen,. Take out. Sega’s Yakuza series is renowned for its absurd mix of comedy and melodrama, and. Akiyama : The ones about Hana and about a dude Akiyama lend money. You see, if you spend all that time trying to get 13 orphans, Date might call you a fucking loser. Characters /. Sixty Eighth in a full series of videos showing how to get all the trophies in Yakuza 4 Remastered. She also teaches. That's how I got Tanimura from 19 to 20. If you have any other Yakuza game on your system, you'll get both a Gion Bell, and a Morning Glory Waistband, accessories that gives you a. 5 Finale 9. Substories Voiceless Cries help? i'm so glad i used a walkthrough on this. by Hayes Madsen. I also saw Tanimura as the real protag, since the major theme was the corrupt system. 1 Star, the ramen restaurant in Pink Alley, to start a substory. Yakuza 4 has 48 trophies: 1 platinum, 3 gold, 7 silver, 37 bronze. and Pink Alley. Finale: Requiem. Glossary 8. Contents. 1 Akiyama 9. Start tracking progress. 2010, Tokyo. When you're ready, go to the marked spot near the Smile Burger. After completing all 62 other substories, enter New Serena as Kiryu to get a letter. Log in to add games to your lists. 33:56 – : Gamblers Blues. He's known on the streets as the "Dragon of Dojima", a title he earned entirely by accident as a result of the events of. 177K subscribers in the yakuzagames community. History Buff (Bronze): View all Reminiscences from YAKUZA to YAKUZA 3. Instead, he has this, basically a "call-and-respond" system. Bronze 20 Substories: Complete or finish twenty substories. Sorry for not clarifying, but I finished the Substory already. Then hit triangle over and over and kick her when she's down. Nanami - Elise. Choose to use clear data and pick the offered game save to begin. That's it in a nutshell. There should be 16 in total. It improves rapidly as he accumulates levels.